A seizure is an uncontrolled burst of activity in the brain. Summary A seizure is an uncontrolled burst of activity in the brain. Different kinds of seizure have different effects, from fleeting loss of consciousness to convulsions. First aid centres on removing dangerous objects from around the person, and providing reassurance.
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is always an emergency as it could lead to chronic painful conditions, permanent paralysis or even death. Summary SCI occurs when a traumatic event (usually a car, diving or sport accident) results in damage to cells within the spinal cord or severs the nerve tracts that relay signals up and down the spinal cord.
Stroke occurs when blood flow to part of the brain is disrupted, usually by a blood clot. Summary Stroke occurs when blood flow to part of the brain is disrupted, usually by a blood clot. Stroke symptoms may include dizziness, confusion, weakness on one side, co-ordination problems. A bleeding stroke usually causes a sudden, severe headache.
Sunburn easily results in superficial burns, especially in children. Summary Sunburn easily results in superficial burns, especially in children. Sunburn is managed by cooling the area as quickly as possible. Sunburn can be prevented by avoiding the sun between 10am and 3pm. Risks of sunburn Sunburn easily results in superficial burns (recognized by reddening of the skin), especially in young children.
The common consequence of trauma and injury is bleeding and fractures. External bleeding is obvious and is best stopped by continuous external pressure with a wound dressing and or towel and elevation of the affected limb. Blunt trauma to the chest or abdomen can cause internal bleeding which for the first aider may be difficult to detect.
Stand behind the person with your foot between his feet. Reach around the waist. Make a fist (thumb outside fingers) and use the knuckle of the thumb in the navel as a landmark. The flat part of the thumb is placed against the abdomen just above the navel.
